Hortatory Exposition

A Hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not happen or be done. To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or writer needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea. In other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc. Hortatory expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated people. The generic structure of hortatory exposition usually has three components:




 (1) Thesis, 

 (2) Arguments and 

 (3) Recommendation.

  
Generic Features of Hortatory Exposition

• A Hortatory exposition focuses on generic human and non human participants, except for speaker or writer referring to self or focusing on writer.  
• It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc. 
• It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. ….has polluted… etc. 
• It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense.  
• Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly …, Finally, etc.
• Using abstract noun; policy, advantage, etc
• Using action verb.
• Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc.
• Using evaluating words; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc.
• Using passive voice